ABSTRACT
Background: Inflammasome activation is known to be involved in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Vinpocetine is a derivative of vincamine and is reported to suppress the activation of inflammasome. Methods: This study explored the therapeutical potential of Vinpocetine on NASH. Mice were fed with a choline-deficient (MCD) or chow diet in the presence or absence of Vinpocetine for 8 weeks. H&E staining and biochemical assays were determined to evaluate the hepatic steatosis and fibrosis symptoms. In addition, primary hepatocytes and Kupffer cells were isolated and induced by MCD or lipopolysaccharides/cholesterol crystals with or without Vinpocetine. ELISAs, qPCR, and Western blotting were applied to determine the levels of NASH-related biomarkers in both in vivo mouse model and in vitro cell models. Results: Treatment of Vinpocetine did not cause observable side effects against and MCD-induced cells and mouse NASH model. However, treatment of Vinpocetine ameliorated hepatic steatosis and fibrosis and suppressed the levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transferase in the mouse NASH model. In addition, treatment of Vinpocetine suppressed the mRNA and protein levels of inflammasome components both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: Vinpocetine suppressed NASH in mice by mediating inflammasome components via nuclear factor κB signaling. (AU)
Antecedentes: Se sabe que la activación del inflamasoma está implicada en la esteatohepatitis no alcohólica (EHNA). La vinpocetina es un derivado de la vincamina que, según los informes, suprime la activación del inflamasoma. Métodos: Este estudio exploró el potencial terapéutico de la vinpocetina en la EHNA. Durante 8 semanas se alimentó a ratones con una dieta deficiente en colina (MCD) o con una dieta chow en presencia o ausencia de vinpocetina. Se realizaron tinciones de H&E y ensayos bioquímicos para evaluar los síntomas de esteatosis hepática y fibrosis. Además, se aislaron hepatocitos primarios y células de Kupffer y se indujeron mediante MCD o cristales de lipopolisacáridos/colesterol con o sin vinpocetina. Se aplicaron ELISA, qPCR y Western blotting para determinar los niveles de biomarcadores relacionados con la EHNA tanto en el modelo de ratón in vivo como en los modelos celulares in vitro. Resultados: El tratamiento con vinpocetina no causó efectos secundarios observables contra las células y el modelo de ratón de EHNA inducidos por MCD. Sin embargo, el tratamiento con vinpocetina mejoró la esteatosis hepática y la fibrosis y suprimió los niveles de alanina transaminasa y de aspartato transferasa en el modelo de EHNA de ratón. Además, el tratamiento con vinpocetina suprimió los niveles de ARNm y proteínas de los componentes del inflamasoma tanto in vitro como in vivo. Conclusiones: La vinpocetina suprimió la EHNA en ratones por mediación de los componentes del inflamasoma a través de la señalización del factor nuclear κB. (AU)
Subject(s)
Mice , Inflammasomes , Inflammation , Vincamine , Fatty Liver , Fibrosis , Hepatocytes , Kupffer CellsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Inflammasome activation is known to be involved in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Vinpocetine is a derivative of vincamine and is reported to suppress the activation of inflammasome. METHODS: This study explored the therapeutical potential of Vinpocetine on NASH. Mice were fed with a choline-deficient (MCD) or chow diet in the presence or absence of Vinpocetine for 8 weeks. H&E staining and biochemical assays were determined to evaluate the hepatic steatosis and fibrosis symptoms. In addition, primary hepatocytes and Kupffer cells were isolated and induced by MCD or lipopolysaccharides/cholesterol crystals with or without Vinpocetine. ELISAs, qPCR, and Western blotting were applied to determine the levels of NASH-related biomarkers in both in vivo mouse model and in vitro cell models. RESULTS: Treatment of Vinpocetine did not cause observable side effects against and MCD-induced cells and mouse NASH model. However, treatment of Vinpocetine ameliorated hepatic steatosis and fibrosis and suppressed the levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transferase in the mouse NASH model. In addition, treatment of Vinpocetine suppressed the mRNA and protein levels of inflammasome components both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION: Vinpocetine suppressed NASH in mice by mediating inflammasome components via nuclear factor κB signaling.
Subject(s)
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease , Vinca Alkaloids , Animals , Mice , Disease Models, Animal , Inflammasomes/metabolism , Liver/pathology , Liver Cirrhosis/pathology , NF-kappa B/metabolism , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/drug therapy , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/geneticsABSTRACT
Modified NiO catalysts with controllable vacancies and dopants are promising for alkene production from oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of light alkanes, and a molecular understanding of the modification on elementary reaction steps would facilitate the design of highly efficient catalysts and catalytic processes. In this study, density functional theory (DFT) calculations was used to map out the complete reaction pathways of propane ODH on the NiO (100) surfaces with different modifiers. The results demonstrated that the presence of vacancies (O and Ni) and dopants (Li and Al) alters the electrophilicity of surface oxygen species, which in turn affects the reactivity towards C-H bond activation and the overall catalytic activity and selectivity. The strongly electrophilic O favors a radical mechanism for the first C-H activation on O followed by the second C-H activation on O-O site, whereas weak electrophilic O favors concerted C-H bond breaking over Ni-O site. The C-H bond activation proceeds through a late transition state, characterized by the almost completion of the O-H bond formation. Consequently, the adsorption energy of H adatom on O rather than p-band center or Bader charge of O has been identified to be an accurate descriptor to predict the activation barrier for C-H breaking (activity) as well as the difference between the activation barriers of propene and CH3 CCH3 (selectivity) of ODH.
ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of systemic holistic nursing combined with narrative nursing on the postoperative complications and negative emotions in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Methods: A total of 120 patients with advanced gastric cancer admitted to our hospital between February 2020 and February 2021 were recruited and assigned to receive systemic holistic nursing combined with narrative nursing (experimental group) or systemic holistic nursing (control group) according to order of admission, with 60 cases in each group. The outcome measures included the incidence of postoperative complications, negative emotion score, quality of life score, self-efficacy score, self-care ability score, and nursing satisfaction. Results: The experimental group had a significantly lower incidence of complications and lower negative emotion scores than the control group (P < 0.001). Systemic holistic nursing plus narrative nursing resulted in significantly higher life scores, self-efficacy scores, and self-care ability scores in the experimental group after nursing than in the control group (P < 0.001). Patients of the experimental groups were more satisfied with the nursing in contrast to those in the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Systematic holistic nursing plus narrative nursing alleviates the negative emotions of patients, improves their self-efficacy scores, lowers the incidence of complications, and enhances quality of life.
ABSTRACT
The trust region (TR) method is an effective algorithm for image reconstruction of electrical impedance tomography (EIT). Aiming at the drawback of the traditional TR method, an improved method named the nonmonotonic and self-adaptive trust region (NSTR) method is proposed in this paper, in which three kinds of modified techniques are shown that help in improving the computational precision and convergence speed of the algorithm. The comparisons with image reconstruction are carried out between the NSTR, Levenberd-Marquardt (LM) and TR methods. Simulation experiment results indicate that for both the LM and TR methods it is difficult to accurately reconstruct concave and multiple boundaries. However the NSTR method cannot only realize accurate reconstruction, but also provide faster convergence speed. A noise simulation test is carried out and results show that the NSTR method also has strong stability in image reconstruction for EIT. This new method presents a feasible and effective way to research on image reconstruction for EIT.
